L. B. VALEV. Socialist Bulgaria: Thirty Years

The article examines the role played in the destinies of the Bulgarian people by the popular uprising of September 9, 1944, as well as by the deep-going transformations effected in Bulgaria in the political, economic and ideological spheres during the years of socialist construction. The author shows that the experience accumulated by socialist Bulgaria over the past thirty years has confirmed that the socialist revolution and the building of socialism are based on a number of objective laws intrinsic to all the countries embarking on the path of socialism, with due consideration being given to the national peculiarities and concrete historical conditions obtaining in each particular country. Considerable attention is devoted by the author to the improvement of existing relations of production and social regulation, to Bulgaria's economic, scientific and technological progress in the phase of building a developed socialist society. The author characterizes the deepening cooperation and Bulgaria's growing integration with the other countries of the socialist community, first and foremost with the U.S.S.R.

P. A. ALEXANOV. The Development of the System of Social Security for the Soviet Peasantry

The article is devoted to the history of the origin and development of the system of social security for the Soviet peasantry. It clearly reveals the policy consistently pursued by the Communist Party and the Soviet government in the sphere of improving and extending the system of social security for the toiling peasantry from the earliest decrees adopted by Soviet power to the system of social security for the collective farmers in the conditions of developed socialism.

The author traces the principal stages and organizational forms of developing the system of social security for the Soviet peasantry. Particular attention is given in the article to the state of the social security system applied to the working population of the Soviet countryside in the 1950's and 1960's.

F. A. PETROV. Concerning the Illegal Zemstvo Conferences and Congresses in the Late 1870's and Early 1880's

The myth about the existence in Russia of a secret Zemstvo-wide organization which allegedly arranged regular congresses and published its own newspaper abroad at the close of the 1870's and in the early 1880's persisted in historical literature for a long time. Drawing on a number of little-known and hitherto unpublished sources, the author convincingly proves that no organization of this kind ever existed in Russia. The illegal activity of individual liberal-minded representatives of the provincial administrative assemblies was episodical in character and merely served to consolidate their legally conducted campaigns.

B. P. GUREVICH. Great-Han Chauvinism and Certain Aspects of the History of the Central Asian Peoples in the 18th-19th Centuries

The article sheds a revealing light on the policy of aggrandizement pursued by the Chinese Empire during the reign of the Ching dynasty in the Northwestern regions of Central Asia from the second half of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century. The author dwells in particular detail on the problem of China's relations in the period

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under review with the peoples of Kazakhstan and Central Asia, as well as on the history of the anti-Manchurian liberation struggle waged by the population of Sinkiang in the 19th century. It is graphically shown in the article that the policy of the Russian government directed against the expansionist schemes harboured by the Ching Empire in Central Asia played a conspicuous part in shaping the historical destinies of the peoples of Kazakhstan, Central Asia and Southern Siberia.

G. A. VORONTSOV. Some of the Latest Trends in West-German Bourgeois Historiography

The author critically analyzes the contemporary methods and forms of historically substantiating the policy followed by the bourgeois government in the F.R.G. The growing politization of bourgeois historiography is based on the application of quantitative methods, machine processing and modelling, with the aid of which bourgeois scientists are endeavouring to find a way out of the methodological crisis. The article examines the methods of quantitative analysis and machine processing of historical material, the possibilities and limits of applying computers in this sphere. Considerable attention is devoted by the author to the methodological problems of historical modelling, to the concrete methods of constructing models.

A. D. KOLPAKOV, E. Y. POLYAKOVA. Historiography of the Partitioning of Ireland

The article analyzes the principal trends in contemporary English and Irish historiography concerning the problem of the partitioning of Ireland: the conservative (in England and Northern Ireland), the Irish national-bourgeois (represented in the main by the leading Right-wing bourgeois and Republican trends) and the Marxist, as well as by the Labourite trend that has taken shape in the more recent period. The heated debates around the basic aspects of this problem are linked by the authors with the mounting ideological-political struggle in Ireland and England and the emergence in the late 1960's of a new stage in the Irish national-liberation revolution characterized by the socio-political crisis in Northern Ireland.

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